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How to Write a Synthesis Essay — AP Lang Guide
Learn how to write an AP Lang synthesis essay step by step. Master the 6-point rubric — thesis, evidence, commentary, and source integration — with tips and practice.
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The synthesis essay is one of three free-response questions on the AP English Language exam. You must read 6-7 sources and write an argument that synthesizes at least 3 of them.
Synthesis Essay Rubric (6 Points)
- Thesis (1 pt) — Defensible claim that responds to the prompt
- Evidence & Commentary (4 pts) — Use at least 3 sources with analysis
- Sophistication (1 pt) — Nuanced argument with effective rhetoric
Key Tips
- Read all sources before writing — look for patterns and contradictions
- Cite sources by letter (Source A, Source B) — no need for formal citations
- Explain HOW each source supports your argument, not just WHAT it says
- Include a counterargument for the sophistication point
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