Gibbs free energy (G): A thermodynamic function combining enthalpy and entropy: ΔG = ΔH − TΔS.
How to apply it: Use ΔG to predict spontaneity: ΔG < 0 is spontaneous, ΔG > 0 is nonspontaneous, ΔG = 0 is at equilibrium.
Course: AP Chemistry · Unit: Applications of Thermodynamics
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